naghmeh javadpour; HAMIDREZA OLOUMI YAZDI; SEYED NASROLLAH EBRAHIMI
Abstract
Med-Arb is one of the hybrid and integrated dispute settlement mechanisms which embodies flexibility, non-judicial and negotiate-oriented benefits of "mediation" and finality advantage of "arbitration" simultaneously and in a single process. In this article, med-arb nature is identified through a comprehensive ...
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Med-Arb is one of the hybrid and integrated dispute settlement mechanisms which embodies flexibility, non-judicial and negotiate-oriented benefits of "mediation" and finality advantage of "arbitration" simultaneously and in a single process. In this article, med-arb nature is identified through a comprehensive comparative legal study including major legal systems and procedural rules of leading dispute settlement institutions. Opportunities and challenges of adopting med-arb in terms of legal, economic and managerial perspectives is analyzed. Although this method provides parties with a huge flexibility, control over the process and great efficiency (in relation to other dispute settlement mechanisms), some serious challenges regarding enforcement of awards in international contracts exist. In light of International Commercial Arbitration Act of Iran and Civil Procedure Code (regarding domestic arbitration rules), in case that parties reach agreement in the first phase (mediation), it is not possible that mediator only serve as arbitrator so that be powered to change the mediation agreement into an arbitral award. However, if parties fail to reach agreement in the first phase and arbitration initiates accordingly, their settlement in this stage can be regarded as consent award and be subject to benefits of enforcement of international arbitration awards.
Hamid Reza Olomiyazdi; Yasaman Azadi
Volume 3, Issue 11 , June 2015, , Pages 121-148
Abstract
“Terms of Reference” is one of the important documents that should beproduced in some international arbitration. There are various views regardingthe question of whether the terms of reference is a new arbitration agreement oris just a procedural requirement in the process of arbitration. ...
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“Terms of Reference” is one of the important documents that should beproduced in some international arbitration. There are various views regardingthe question of whether the terms of reference is a new arbitration agreement oris just a procedural requirement in the process of arbitration. However, it is aseparate document which differs from the arbitration agreement. Terms ofreferences is commonly known as a feature of arbitration Under InternationalChamber of Commerce Rules of Arbitration and could also be seen in someother arbitration rules. According to ICC Arbitration Rules, it is compulsory forthe parties and the arbitral tribunal to set the Terms of Reference, but undersome other arbitration rules, such as Japan Arbitration Association, it isoptional. Terms of references should be prepared and signed by the parties andarbitrators as soon as the file is handed over to the arbitral tribunal. The mainfunction of this document is to determine the issues on which the arbitraltribunal should concentrate during the arbitral proceeding. This paper examinescontent and legal status of Terms of reference in commercial arbitration andconcludes that the Terms of References could, to a great extent, facilitate andincrease efficiency and accuracy in both institutional and ad hoc arbitration
